Cryptography is the science of encryption and decryption of data. Cryptography is used to ensure integrity, confidentiality and authenticity of data. Integrity means that the data has not been modified. Confidentiality means that data is not readable by other users. Data authenticity means that what was received is what was sent. User authentication means that the user has provided one or more proofs of their identity.
Authentication mechanisms mathematically check data source or the proof of identity. Encryption mechanisms scramble data</span > so that the data is not readable by an observer. Cryptographic services provide authentication and encryption mechanisms to applications and users.